https://wiki.yanding.com/ 2026-10-09T12:27:57+00:00 https://wiki.yanding.com/ https://wiki.yanding.com/lib/tpl/myconfluence/images/favicon.ico text/html 2026-07-21T09:49:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:basic_properties_of_light&rev=1784627396&do=diff Basic Properties of Light 1. Overview Light is electromagnetic radiation exhibiting wave-particle duality, serving as a fundamental carrier for energy transfer and information transmission in modern technology. Its behavior is described by three core models:$\theta_i = \theta_r$$n_1$$n_2$$$n_1 \sin\theta_1 = n_2 \sin\theta_2$$$\theta_1$$\theta_2$$$c = \lambda \nu$$$c$$\lambda$$ \nu$$c$$$E = h\nu = \frac{hc}{\lambda}$$$h$$\nu$$c$$\lambda$ text/html 2026-08-27T12:53:40+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:chief_ray_angle&rev=1787835220&do=diff Chief Ray Angle (CRA) 1. Definition The Chief Ray Angle (CRA) refers to the angle between the chief ray and the normal to the image plane. * Chief Ray: The ray originating from an object point and directed towards the center of the aperture stop is called the chief ray. text/html 2026-07-28T05:44:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:depth_of_field&rev=1785217462&do=diff Depth of Field I.Concept The depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image captured with a camera.According to the extent of the region that appears acceptably sharp, depth of field can be classified as either a shallow depth of field or a large depth of field.$$\text{DOF} \approx \frac{2 u^2 N c}{f^2}$$$\text{DOF}$$u$$N$$c$$f$$f$$u$$N$ text/html 2026-07-27T06:13:03+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:entrance_pupil&rev=1785132783&do=diff Entrance Pupil When observing the human eye, a dark circular opening known as the pupil can be seen, through which incident light enters the eye. Physiologically, the pupil is the aperture located at the center of the iris. However, the visible pupil is not the physical opening itself, but the image of the pupil formed by the refractive structures in front of it, such as the cornea and aqueous humor. text/html 2026-10-09T09:31:09+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:fisheye_entrance_pupil&rev=1791538269&do=diff Entrance Pupil of Fisheye Lenses The Entrance pupil article describes the entrance pupil under paraxial imaging, in which the entrance pupil and the aperture stop are assumed to form a conjugate object–image pair. This idealised, fixed-pupil concept applies to ideal lenses and to telephoto (long-focal-length, narrow-angle) lenses. text/html 2026-08-25T07:44:50+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:law_of_rectilinear_propagation_of_light&rev=1787643890&do=diff Rectilinear propagation of light The law of rectilinear propagation of light states that light travels in straight lines in an isotropic, homogeneous medium. It is a fundamental principle of geometric optics and accounts for common optical phenomena such as shadows, solar eclipses, and pinhole imaging.. text/html 2026-08-27T09:51:02+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:law_of_reflection&rev=1787824262&do=diff Law of Reflection of Light When light reaches the interface between two different media, some of it is reflected back into the medium from which it came. This phenomenon is known as reflection. The law of reflection states that: * The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal line all lie in the same plane.\(\theta_r=\theta_i\) text/html 2026-08-27T03:26:44+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:law_of_refraction&rev=1787801204&do=diff Law of Refraction of Light When light travels obliquely from one transparent medium into another (e.g., from air into water), its direction of propagation changes. This phenomenon is known as the refraction of light. Refraction occurs because light travels at different speeds in different media.$$n_1 \times \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \times \sin(\theta_2)$$$n_1$$n_2$$\theta_1$$\theta_2$$n$$$n = \frac{c}{v}$$$c$$v$ text/html 2026-07-23T12:51:18+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:maximum_image_circle&rev=1784811078&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) Maximum Image Circle Definition The Maximum Image Circle (MIC) is the largest circular imaging area formed by a lens on the image plane, and its diameter is referred to as the Image Circle Diameter. The MIC is used to characterize the lens's coverage capability over the image sensor and is a critical optical parameter for matching the lens with the …