https://wiki.yanding.com/ 2026-08-25T06:42:31+00:00 https://wiki.yanding.com/ https://wiki.yanding.com/lib/tpl/myconfluence/images/favicon.ico text/html 2026-07-21T09:49:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:basic_properties_of_light&rev=1784627396&do=diff Basic Properties of Light 1. Overview Light is electromagnetic radiation exhibiting wave-particle duality, serving as a fundamental carrier for energy transfer and information transmission in modern technology. Its behavior is described by three core models:$\theta_i = \theta_r$$n_1$$n_2$$$n_1 \sin\theta_1 = n_2 \sin\theta_2$$$\theta_1$$\theta_2$$$c = \lambda \nu$$$c$$\lambda$$ \nu$$c$$$E = h\nu = \frac{hc}{\lambda}$$$h$$\nu$$c$$\lambda$ text/html 2026-07-23T12:51:18+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:chief_ray_angle&rev=1784811078&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) Chief Ray Angle (CRA) 1. Definition The Chief Ray Angle (CRA) refers to the angle between the chief ray and the normal to the image plane. text/html 2026-07-28T05:44:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:depth_of_field&rev=1785217462&do=diff Depth of Field I.Concept The depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image captured with a camera.According to the extent of the region that appears acceptably sharp, depth of field can be classified as either a shallow depth of field or a large depth of field.$$\text{DOF} \approx \frac{2 u^2 N c}{f^2}$$$\text{DOF}$$u$$N$$c$$f$$f$$u$$N$ text/html 2026-07-27T06:13:03+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:entrance_pupil&rev=1785132783&do=diff Entrance Pupil When observing the human eye, a dark circular opening known as the pupil can be seen, through which incident light enters the eye. Physiologically, the pupil is the aperture located at the center of the iris. However, the visible pupil is not the physical opening itself, but the image of the pupil formed by the refractive structures in front of it, such as the cornea and aqueous humor. text/html 2026-07-21T08:00:53+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:fisheye_entrance_pupil&rev=1784620853&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) (Fisheye) Entrance Pupil The article 入瞳 introduces the entrance pupil in paraxial imaging, assuming that the entrance pupil and the aperture stop are a pair of conjugate object and image. This one-to-one concept of the entrance pupil applies to ideal lenses or telephoto (long focal length, narrow angle) lenses. However, if we observe a fisheye (ultra… text/html 2026-08-25T01:49:06+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:law_of_rectilinear_propagation_of_light&rev=1787622546&do=diff Rectilinear propagation of light The law of rectilinear propagation of light states that light travels in straight lines in an isotropic, homogeneous medium. It is a fundamental principle of geometric optics and accounts for common optical phenomena such as shadows, solar eclipses, and pinhole imaging.. text/html 2026-07-21T08:00:53+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:law_of_reflection&rev=1784620853&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) Law of Reflection When light propagates to the interface between two different media, a portion of the light returns to the original medium. This phenomenon is known as the reflection of light. The reflection of light follows these laws: \(\theta _{r}=\theta _{i}\) text/html 2026-07-21T08:00:53+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:law_of_refraction&rev=1784620853&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) Law of Refraction When light travels obliquely from one transparent medium into another (e.g., from air into water), its direction of propagation changes. This phenomenon is known as the refraction of light. Refraction occurs because light travels at different speeds in different media.$$n_1 \times \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \times \sin(\theta_2)$$$n_1$$n_… text/html 2026-07-23T12:51:18+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:imaging_basics:optics:geometric_optics:maximum_image_circle&rev=1784811078&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) Maximum Image Circle Definition The Maximum Image Circle (MIC) is the largest circular imaging area formed by a lens on the image plane, and its diameter is referred to as the Image Circle Diameter. The MIC is used to characterize the lens's coverage capability over the image sensor and is a critical optical parameter for matching the lens with the …