https://wiki.yanding.com/ 2026-07-09T23:35:24+00:00 https://wiki.yanding.com/ https://wiki.yanding.com/lib/tpl/myconfluence/images/favicon.ico text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:mtf_sfr_%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 成像系统的“视力表”：MTF/SFR 深度解析与测试实践 当我们谈论成像系统的分辨率（客观物理极限），以及锐度与清晰度（主观视觉感知） 时，MTF/SFR 是量化这些主、客观维度的核心指标，它通过 MTF 曲线，直观地揭示了系统在不同细节尺度下的对比度传递能力。$M = \frac{I_{\max} - I_{\min}}{I_{\max} + I_{\min}}$$ f_{N}= 1 / (2 x PixelPitch)$$$Q = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{N} SFR_i \, CSF_i}{\sum_{i=1}^{N} CSF_i}, \quad i = 1, 2, \dots, N \tag{L.2}$$\(SFR_i\)\(i\)\(CSF_i\)\(i\)\(N\)$$c… text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4_dynamic_range&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 动态范围（Dynamic Range） 逆光拍摄时，天空过曝看不清细节，前景人物却黑成 “剪影”（见图1）；夜间拍路灯场景，灯源过曝刺眼，而路边的行人和路标却隐入暗部难以分辨（见图2）；室内外混合光照下，窗边强光过曝，房间角落却一片模糊（见图3） —— 这些拍摄中常见的“遗憾”，本质都是相机动态范围不足导致的。动态范围是相机 “捕捉明暗细节的能力边界”，接下来，本文将深入探讨动态范围背后的原理。$DR_{dB}=20log_{10}(\frac{L_{max}}{L_{min}})$$L_{max}$$L_{min}$… text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E5%99%AA%E5%A3%B0_noise&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 噪声（Noise） 一、定义 图像噪声（Image Noise）是指在图像采集、传输或处理过程中，叠加于目标信号之上的非预期干扰。其外在表现为$\sigma_{\text{signal}} = \sqrt{N_{\text{signal}}}$$I_{\text{dark}} \propto A \cdot T^3 e^{-\frac{E_g}{kT}}$$I_{\text{dark}}$$T$$E_g$$k$$A$$\sigma_{\text{dark}} = \sqrt{N_{\text{dark}}}$$\sigma_{\text{dark}}$$N_{\text{dark}}$$V_{\text{KTC}} = \sqrt{\frac{kT}{C}}$$V_{\text{thermal… text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E5%9D%87%E5%8C%80%E6%80%A7_shading&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 均匀性 一、均匀性的概念 均匀性包含图像亮度均匀性和图像色彩均匀性。 text/html 2026-07-09T12:45:50+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E6%9D%82%E5%85%89_flare&rev=1783601150&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) Flare In daily life, have you ever encountered such a situation: when shooting against the light, the entire image looks like it is covered with a $$F = \frac{S_{black}}{S_{white}} \times 100\%$$$2\text{cd/m}^2$$\text{Mcd/m}^2$$\text{arcmin}$$FlareAverage_{dB \theta，\phi}$$$FlareAverage_{dB \theta，\phi}=avg(Flare_{dB \theta，\phi}(x,y))$$$FlareAverage… text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E7%95%B8%E5%8F%98_distortion&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 畸变 一、畸变的定义与类型 畸变（distortion）是一种十分独特的几何像差。它并不影响成像的清晰程度，却会使实际场景中原本平直的线条发生弯曲，从而改变物像之间的几何相似性。$$D = \frac{\Delta H}{H} \cdot 100$$$\Delta H$$H$$(x_{real}, y_{real})$$r_{\text{real}} = r_{\text{ideal}} \left(1 + k_1 r^2 + k_2 r^4\right)$$A_{1}$$A_{2}$$$ A = \frac{A_{1}+A_{2}}{2} $$$B$$$ SMIA= \frac{A-B}{B} \times100% $$… text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E7%99%BD%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 自动白平衡 一、颜色恒常性 相机的白平衡来源于人类视觉的颜色恒常性，即人类视觉系统在不同光谱的光源照明下，维持物体色不变的机制。如图，暖光到冷光的光源色温变化中，人眼始终将白衣服感知为中性色，这一现象被称为颜色恒常性； text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E9%A2%91%E7%8E%87%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 空间频率单位 空间频率的单位及应用 换算公式 不同单位间可通过像高、焦距等参数换算，换算公式如下：$\frac{MTF(C/P)}{\text{pixel pitch}}$$2 \times MTF\left(\frac{LP}{PH}\right)$$2 \times MTF\left(\frac{C}{P}\right) \times PH$$MTF\left(\frac{LW}{PH}\right)/2$$MTF\left(\frac{C}{P}\right) \times PH$$0.001 \times MTF\left(\frac{\text{cycles}}{\text{mm}}\right) \times FL(\text{mm})$$\frac{\pi}{180} \t… text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%AE&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 色差 一、什么是色差 色差（Chromatic Aberration, CA）指镜头无法把不同波长的光汇聚到同一像点，导致高对比边缘出现彩色镶边（常见紫边、绿边、红边）的现象。其本质是光学材料的色散——折射率 n 随 λ 变化（如：短波折射率越大），使白光中各颜色走不同路径、落在不同位置而引发的一种像差现象。… text/html 2026-07-09T11:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E8%A7%86%E5%9C%BA%E8%A7%92_fov&rev=1783595665&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) 视场角 一、视场角的概念 在摄影领域，视场角（Angle of View ，简称AOV）与视场$$ \alpha=2arctan\frac{d}{2f} $$$d_{h}$$d_{v}$$HFOV=2arctan\frac{d_{h}}{2f}$$VFOV=2arctan\frac{d_{v}}{2f}$$DFOV = 2 \arctan\left( \frac{\sqrt{{d_{h}}^2 + {d_{v}}^2}}{2f} \right)$ text/html 2026-07-09T12:45:50+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.yanding.com/doku.php?id=en:yanding:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F:%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98:%E9%94%90%E5%BA%A6&rev=1783601150&do=diff FIXME This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation. (remove this paragraph once the translation is finished) Sharpness I. The Essence of Sharpness Sharpness is a core metric for evaluating the detail rendition and edge clarity of an image. Its essence lies in the contrast gradient at the boundaries between regions of different tones or colors—the steeper the gradient, the crisper the edges and the stronger the detail separation. It not only determines the …