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==== Dynamic Range ====
**I. What is Dynamic Range**\\
**Dynamic Range (DR)**
For image signals, it refers to the ratio of the maximum to the minimum valu... nal; it is used to describe the maximum luminance range from the darkest to the brightest areas of a real
达:激光雷达|LiDAR]], directly defining the **effective range** of the system's digitization of the physical wo... nging capability** refers to the **limit distance range** within which a LiDAR can detect a target object... ncludes two core metrics: the **maximum detection range** (i.e., the theoretical optical limit at which t... can detect a target) and the **minimum detection range** (i.e., the closest boundary at which the LiDAR
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==== Dynamic Range ====
When shooting against the light, the sky is ... essentially caused by insufficient camera dynamic range. Dynamic range is the "boundary of a camera's ability to capture light and dark details." Next, this art... cle will delve into the principles behind dynamic range.
| {{ :yanding:成像基础知识:成像系统:成像质量问题:dr1.png?400 |}
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), gray scale, dynamic range (DR), field of view, automatic gain control, whit... e of cameras. It supports an adjustable frequency range of 0.1~2000 Hz and an adjustable duty cycle of 1%... le formed by the two extreme edges of the maximum range through which the image of the target can pass th... The light source color temperature is set to D65 (range: 6500K ± 325K); the illuminance is set to 800 Lux
which is used to evaluate metrics such as dynamic range, grayscale response, signal-to-noise ratio, and w... Y channel average noise |
| 1 (Low) | Dynamic range determined by the patch with SNR=1 and the saturated patch |
| 2 (Medium) | Dynamic range determined by the patch with SNR=2 and the saturated patch |
| 4 (Med-High) | Dynamic range determined by the patch with SNR=4 and the satura
(highlight detail discrimination).
- **Dynamic Range (DR):** The ratio of the saturation capacity to t... tem can effectively distinguish. A larger dynamic range results in richer image tonal gradations in high-... nsitivity threshold, saturation capacity, dynamic range (DR);
* Optional: Relative quantum efficiency (... sponding bands must be reported.
- **Wavelength range**: The scanned wavelength range should cover the
g requirements:\\
Standard directional uniformity range (±6° vertically and ±7° horizontally from the mon... e must be <35%;\\
Extended directional uniformity range (an additional ±5° in both vertical and horizontal directions beyond the standard isotropic range): the luminance deviation between different viewi... eviation are as follows:**\\
**Standard isotropic range:**
$$\frac{\max\left\{ \left| L_i - L\left( \Thet
Indeed, the larger the color gamut, the wider the range of colors a display device can reproduce, and the... e normalized values of the RGB tristimulus values range from [0,1], all the corresponding colors form a c... e horseshoe-shaped region covers the chromaticity range visible to the human eye. If the three primaries ... me color gamut has different shapes;**\\
**3. The range of luminance (lightness) and the range of chromat
**\\
**Definition:** The maximum spatial angular range that can be observed by the passive infrared dete... alculate the imaging pixels.\\
**10. Observation Range**\\
**Definition:** The area range in which the system can normally observe targets within the specified ambient temperature range.\\
**Requirement:** Within the ambient temperatur
cle;
* Throughout the test, the maximum dynamic range setting of the camera must not be changed, and ov... ctual testing, the selection of the LED frequency range should consider specific application scenarios. F... ces is intentionally set within the human visible range, such as turn signals and emergency lighting. The... sure measurements are within the camera's dynamic range):**
Two reference areas must be set up next to ea
00 |}} |Used to evaluate the grayscale / dynamic range / signal-to-noise ratio of the imaging system;\\ ... e metrics:** Grayscale resolution levels, dynamic range (DR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), etc. | **[[h... /detail?id=1571|Transmissive 36-Step High Dynamic Range Chart]][[https://yanding.com/product/detail?id=15... approx. 150dB), supporting extremely high dynamic range testing. |
| **Distortion** | {{ :yanding:成像
eflect the true loss of contrast; in high dynamic range (HDR) scenes, SNR only describes the signal-to-no... t reproduction capability across the full dynamic range.\\
(3) CTA is input-referenced, so linearization ... selected based on the application. The number and range of luminance steps define the test coverage; fewe... eps are used for detailed evaluation over a wider range.\\
**ROI Requirements**: Must be large enough to
tual scene or fall within an acceptable deviation range.\\
Color is crucial for drivers to recognize tra... coordinates of the red patch shall not exceed the range of [0°, 44.8°] or [332.2°, 360°]; \\
— The coordinates of the green patch shall not exceed the range of [96.6°, 179.9°]; \\
— The coordinates of the blue patch shall not exceed the range of [209.9°, 302.2°]; \\
— The coordinates of the
ghtness of the pattern, respectively.
MTF values range from 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the st... dulation to input modulation), with a theoretical range of 0 to 1. MTF=1 indicates that the modulation at... MTF value (contrast transfer capability), with a range of 0–1. The higher the value, the clearer the ima... t, which has a known spectrum and covers the full range of spatial frequencies. It consists of randomly o
nging Capability**\\
**Definition:** The distance range within which the LiDAR can detect an object with ... ach field of view area within the nominal ranging range shall satisfy: $\sigma_d \leq \max(0.1\ \text{m},... ach field of view area within the nominal ranging range shall satisfy: $|\delta_d| \leq \max(0.2\ \text{m... vertical field of view, determining the "viewing range" of the LiDAR.\\
**Specifications:** Both the hor
dynamic_range @en:yanding:image_quality_evaluation:test_cases:camera_test_cases
